Generally speaking, materials commonly used for precision machining can be divided into 2 categories.

Processing of metal materials. Processing of non-metallic materials (such as ceramics, plastics, etc.).

Hardness from large to small: stainless steel > cast iron > Copper > Aluminum

The following Zhiyu precision machinery parts processing small make up to say a few commonly used it, I hope to be useful to you:.

1, 45- high-quality carbon structural steel, is the most commonly used carbon tempered steel.

Main features: The most commonly used medium carbon tempered steel, good comprehensive mechanical properties, low hardenability, water quenching cracking. Small parts should be tempered and large parts should be normalized.

An application example. It is mainly used to manufacture high-strength moving parts, such as turbine impellers and compressor pistons. Shaft, gear, rack, worm gear, etc. Welding parts should be preheated before welding, and stress relief and annealing treatment should be performed after welding.

2, Q235A (A3 steel) - the most commonly used carbon structural steel.

Main features: high plasticity, toughness and welding performance, cold stamping performance, as well as a certain strength, good cold bending performance.

An application example. Widely used in general requirements of parts and welding structures. Such as the force is not small rod, connecting rod, pin, shaft, screw, nut, ring, bracket, frame, building structure, bridge, etc.

3, 40Cr- one of the most widely used steel, is an alloy structural steel.

The main features. After tempering, it has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low temperature impact toughness and low notch sensitivity, good hardenability, higher fatigue strength can be obtained when oil is cold, water-cooled parts with complex shapes are easy to crack, cold bending plasticity is good, good machinability after tempering or tempering, but the weldability is not good, easy to crack, before welding should be preheated to 100 ~ 150℃, It is generally used in the tempered state, and can also be carbonitriding and high-frequency surface quenching treatment.

Application examples: tempering treatment is used to manufacture medium speed and medium load parts, such as machine tool gear, shaft, worm gear, spline shaft, thimble sleeve, etc., tempering treatment and high-frequency surface quenching are used to manufacture parts with high surface hardness and wear resistance, such as gear, shaft, spindle, crankshaft, mandlet, sleeve, pin, connecting rod, screw and nut, air intake valve, etc. Medium temperature quenching and tempering, used to manufacture heavy, medium speed impact parts, such as oil pump rotor, slider, gear, spindle, ring, etc., low temperature tempering after quenching, used to manufacture heavy, low impact, wear-resistant parts, such as worm, spindle, shaft, ring, etc., after carbonitriding used to manufacture larger size, low temperature impact toughness transmission parts, such as shaft, gear, etc.

4, HT150- gray cast iron

Application examples: gear box, machine tool bed, box, hydraulic cylinder, pump body, valve body, flywheel, cylinder head, belt pulley, bearing cover, etc.

5, 35 - a variety of standard parts and fasteners commonly used materials

Main features: suitable strength, good plasticity, high cold plasticity, weldability. Partial upsetting and drawing can be performed in cold conditions. Low hardenability, can be normalized or tempered

Application examples: Suitable for manufacturing small section parts, can withstand large load parts: such as crankshaft, lever, connecting rod, carabiner, etc., all kinds of standard parts, fasteners

6, 65Mn - commonly used spring steel

Application examples: All kinds of flat, round springs and buffer springs of small size can also be made into spring rings, valve springs, clutch springs, brake springs, cold coil springs, circlip springs, etc.

7, 0Cr18Ni9- the most commonly used stainless steel (US steel No. 304, Japan steel No. SUS304)

Features and applications: As stainless steel is the most widely used, such as food equipment, general chemical equipment, original energy industrial equipment and so on.

8, Cr12- commonly used cold working tool steel (US steel No. D3, Japan steel No. SKD1)

Characteristics and applications. Cr12 steel is a widely used cold working tool steel, is a high carbon and high chromium type of Wright steel. The steel has good hardenability and wear resistance. Because the carbon content of Cr12 steel is as high as 2.3%, the impact toughness is poor, easy to crack, and easy to form uneven eutectic carbides.

Due to its good wear resistance, Cr12 steel is widely used in the manufacture of cold stamping dies, punches, bottom cutting dies, cold heading dies, cold extrusion dies, drill sleeves, measuring tools, wire drawing dies, embossing dies and so on, which require higher wear resistance to impact loads.